centos7.4 搭建lnmp php7_手工搭建LNMP环境（Ubuntu 20.04

在CentOS 7.4上手动搭建LNMP环境，涉及安装Nginx、MySQL和PHP7。本教程同样适用于Ubuntu 20.04系统，详细指导了从软件安装到配置的每个步骤，确保能够顺利运行PHP7环境下的Web应用。

搭建LNMP环境（CentOS 7.4）

centos7.4 搭建lnmp php7_手工搭建LNMP环境（Ubuntu 20.04

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1. 安装Nginx

1.1 更新系统

sudo yum update

1.2 安装Nginx

sudo yum install epelrelease
sudo yum install nginx

1.3 启动Nginx

sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx

2. 安装MySQL

2.1 添加MySQL官方仓库

sudo wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80communityreleaseel73.noarch.rpm
sudo yum localinstall mysql80communityreleaseel73.noarch.rpm

2.2 安装MySQL

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sudo yum install mysqlcommunityserver

2.3 启动MySQL

sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

2.4 设置MySQL root密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
mysql uroot p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';

3. 安装PHP

3.1 安装EPEL和Remi仓库

sudo yum install epelrelease
sudo yum install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remirelease7.rpm

3.2 安装PHP 7.4

sudo yumconfigmanager enable remiphp74
sudo yum install php phpfpm phpmysqlnd phpopcache phpgd phpxml phpmbstring phpjson

3.3 配置PHPFPM

编辑/etc/phpfpm.d/www.conf文件，修改以下内容：

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user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = /run/phpfpm/phpfpm.sock

3.4 启动PHPFPM

sudo systemctl start phpfpm
sudo systemctl enable phpfpm

4. 配置Nginx支持PHP

编辑/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf文件，修改以下内容：

location ~ .php$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/phpfpm/phpfpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

4.1 重启Nginx服务

sudo systemctl restart nginx

至此，LNMP环境已经搭建完成，你可以创建一个简单的PHP文件来测试环境是否正常运行。

下面是一个介绍，展示了在CentOS 7.4和Ubuntu 20.04上搭建LNMP（Linux, Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB, PHP）环境的过程，特别强调PHP 7的手工安装步骤。

步骤	CentOS 7.4	Ubuntu 20.04
1. 更新系统软件包	`sudo yum update`	`sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade`
2. 安装Nginx	`sudo yum install epelrelease` `sudo yum install nginx`	`sudo apt install nginx`
3. 启动Nginx并设置开机自启	`sudo systemctl start nginx` `sudo systemctl enable nginx`	`sudo systemctl start nginx` `sudo systemctl enable nginx`
4. 安装MySQL/MariaDB	`sudo yum install mariadbserver`	`sudo apt install mysqlserver`
5. 启动MySQL并设置开机自启	`sudo systemctl start mariadb` `sudo systemctl enable mariadb`	`sudo systemctl start mysql` `sudo systemctl enable mysql`
6. 安装PHP	安装PHP及相关模块 `sudo yum install php phpfpm phpmysql`	安装PHP及相关模块 `sudo apt install php7.4fpm php7.4mysql`
7. 配置PHP	编辑`/etc/php.ini`，根据需求调整配置，例如`date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai`	编辑`/etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini`，调整配置
8. 启动PHPFPM并设置开机自启	`sudo systemctl start phpfpm` `sudo systemctl enable phpfpm`	`sudo systemctl start php7.4fpm` `sudo systemctl enable php7.4fpm`
9. 配置Nginx与PHPFPM	创建或编辑站点配置文件，如`/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf` 使用以下配置作为参考：	创建或编辑站点配置文件，如`/etc/nginx/sitesavailable/default` 使用以下配置作为参考：
	`server {` `listen 80;` `server_name localhost;` `root /usr/share/nginx/html;` `index index.php index.html index.htm;` `location / {` `try_files $uri $uri/ =404;` `}` `location ~ .php$ {` `fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;` `fastcgi_index index.php;` `fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;` `include fastcgi_params;` `}` `}`	`server {` `listen 80;` `server_name localhost;` `root /var/www/html;` `index index.php index.html index.htm;` `location / {` `try_files $uri $uri/ =404;` `}` `location ~ .php$ {` `include snippets/fastcgiphp.conf;` `fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4fpm.sock;` `}` `}`
10. 重启Nginx	`sudo systemctl restart nginx`	`sudo systemctl restart nginx`
11. 安全设置MySQL	`sudo mysql_secure_installation`	`sudo mysql_secure_installation`
12. 创建数据库和用户	`sudo mysql` `CREATE DATABASE db_name;` `CREATE USER 'user_name'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';` `GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db_name.* TO 'user_name'@'localhost';` `FLUSH PRIVILEGES;`	同上，在MySQL/MariaDB命令行中执行