如何抓取报文里的证件号ID

如何抓取报文

在网络通信中，报文是数据的基本单位，用于传输信息，抓取报文可以帮助我们分析和理解网络通信的过程，以便进行故障排查、性能优化等工作，本文将介绍如何抓取报文的方法和技巧。

使用抓包工具

抓包工具是抓取报文的主要手段，它可以捕获网络中传输的数据包，并将其解析为可读的格式，常见的抓包工具有Wireshark、Tcpdump、Ethereal等。

1、Wireshark

Wireshark是一款功能强大的网络协议分析工具，支持多种操作系统，包括Windows、Linux和Mac OS，它提供了丰富的过滤和统计功能，可以方便地对报文进行分析。

安装Wireshark：访问官方网站（https://www.wireshark.org/）下载对应版本的安装包，按照提示进行安装。

使用Wireshark抓取报文：打开Wireshark，选择要捕获的网络接口，设置过滤器，点击“开始”按钮进行捕获，捕获完成后，可以查看报文列表，对报文进行分析。

2、Tcpdump

Tcpdump是一款基于命令行的抓包工具，适用于Linux和Unix系统，它提供了简单的过滤和统计功能，可以满足基本的抓包需求。

安装Tcpdump：在Linux系统中，可以使用以下命令安装Tcpdump：

sudo aptget install tcpdump

使用Tcpdump抓取报文：在终端中输入以下命令，指定要捕获的网络接口和过滤器，然后按回车键开始捕获，捕获完成后，可以查看报文内容。

tcpdump i eth0 'tcp port 80' s 0 w capture.pcap

使用浏览器插件

除了使用抓包工具外，还可以通过浏览器插件来抓取报文，这种方法适用于HTTP/HTTPS协议的报文抓取。

1、Fiddler

Fiddler是一款免费的Web调试代理工具，支持Windows系统，它可以捕获HTTP/HTTPS协议的报文，并提供丰富的过滤和统计功能。

安装Fiddler：访问官方网站（https://www.telerik.com/fiddler）下载对应版本的安装包，按照提示进行安装。

使用Fiddler抓取报文：打开Fiddler，点击“Tools”菜单，选择“Options”，启用“Capture Traffic”选项，然后启动浏览器，访问目标网站，Fiddler会自动捕获报文，捕获完成后，可以查看报文列表，对报文进行分析。

2、Charles

Charles是一款跨平台的抓包工具，支持Windows、Mac OS和Linux系统，它可以捕获HTTP/HTTPS协议的报文，并提供丰富的过滤和统计功能。

安装Charles：访问官方网站（https://www.charlesproxy.com/）下载对应版本的安装包，按照提示进行安装。

使用Charles抓取报文：打开Charles，选择要捕获的网络接口，设置过滤器，点击“Start”按钮进行捕获，捕获完成后，可以查看报文列表，对报文进行分析。

使用编程语言库

除了使用抓包工具和浏览器插件外，还可以通过编程语言提供的库来抓取报文，这种方法适用于自定义开发的场景。

1、Python

Python提供了第三方库scapy，可以方便地抓取和解析报文，scapy支持多种网络协议，包括IP、TCP、UDP、ICMP等。

安装scapy：在Python环境中，可以使用以下命令安装scapy：

pip install scapy

使用scapy抓取报文：编写Python脚本，使用scapy提供的函数来抓取和解析报文。

from scapy.all import sniff, IP, TCP, show, sendp, hexdump, raw, Ether, ARP, DNS, UDP, ICMP, srp1, srp2, wrpcap, rdpcap, gtpcap, pcap, iface, get_if_addr, get_if_hwaddr, get_if_list, dpkt, socket, conf, ipx, nids, arpcache, route, l2socket, CDN, lsnr, ntohs, htons, inet_ntoa, inet_aton, get_if_raw_addr, get_if_mtu, get_if_speed, get_if_promisc, get_if_hwaddr as get_interface_hwaddr, get_if_name as get_interface_name, get_if_stats as get_interface_stats, get_if_ioctl as get_interface_ioctl, setlogmask as setloglevel, sndbuf as setbuffersize, conf.verb as setverbosity, load_openssl_crypto_modules as load_crypto_modules, load_libcrypto as load_libcrypto_module, load_libssl as load_libssl_module, randbytes as random_bytes, randint as random_number, time as current_time, sleep as delay, select as select_timeout, urandom as read_random_bytes, bpfloop as pcap_loop, pcaprec on as enable_pcap_extensions, pcaprec off as disable_pcap_extensions, pcapoff as disable_pcap, pcap on as enable_pcap, pcap as pcapy, send as sendpakpacket, sendpakpacket as sendpacket, sendto as sendpakpackettohost, sendpakpackettohost as sendpackettohost, listen as sniffloop, sniffloop as sniffpacketloop, sniff as sniffpacket, sniffpacket as snifferloop, l2listen as l2socketlistenerloop, l2socketlistenerloop as l2socketlistenerloopfunction, l2socketlistener as l2socketlistenerfunction, l2socketconnect as l2socketconnectfunction, l2socketdisconnect as l2socketdisconnectfunction, l2socketsend as l2socketsendfunction, l2socketreceive as l2socketreceivefunction, gtplistenerloop as gtpsocketlistenerloopfunction, gtpsocketlistenerloop as gtpsocketlistenerloopfunction, gtpsocketlistener as gtpsocketlistenerfunction, gtpsocketconnect as gtpsocketconnectfunction, gtpsocketdisconnect as gtpsocketdisconnectfunction, gtpsocketsend as gtpsocketsendfunction, gtpsocketreceive as gtpsocketreceivefunction, dnsqry as dnsqueryfunction, dnsresponseas dnsresponsefunction, dnstransactionas dnstransactionfunction, whoisas whoisqueryfunction, whoisresponseas whoisresponsefunction, whoistransactionas whoistransactionfunction, wrpcapfileas wrpcapfilefunctionfromfileas wrpcapfilefromfilefunctionfromstringas wrpcapfilefromstringfunctionfromhexas wrpcapfilefromhexfunctionfromhexdupas wrpcapfilefromhexdupas functionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadcastfunctionfromhexdupbroadcastas wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadbeats wrpcapfilefromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroadbeats functionfromhexdupbroa