如何进行Linux环境下Oracle RAC的安装？

Linux Oracle RAC 安装指南

Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 是 Oracle 提供的一种高性能、高可用性的集群解决方案，适用于需要处理大量数据和高可靠性的企业级应用场景，本文将详细介绍如何在 Linux 系统上安装和配置 Oracle 12c RAC。

安装环境准备

操作系统版本

CentOS 7.8 minimal

CPU: 2C8G (每节点)

内存: 8GB (每节点)

磁盘: ≥ 100GB (每节点)

网络配置

每个节点至少需要两块网卡：

Public 网络接口（enp0s3）：用于用户和应用程序服务器访问数据库服务器。

Private 网络接口（enp0s8）：用于节点间通信。

主机名和 IP 地址规划

安装步骤

一、操作系统安装与配置

1、安装 CentOS 7.8 minimal

2、配置网络接口

   # 配置 public 网络接口
   vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
   BOOTPROTO=none
   ONBOOT=yes
   IPV6INIT=no
   IPADDR=<public-ip>
   NETMASK=255.255.255.0
   GATEWAY=<gateway-ip>
   DNS1=8.8.8.8
   # 配置 private 网络接口
   vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s8
   BOOTPROTO=none
   ONBOOT=yes
   IPV6INIT=no
   IPADDR=<private-ip>
   NETMASK=255.255.255.0

3、关闭防火墙和 SELinux

   systemctl stop firewalld
   systemctl disable firewalld
   sed -i "s/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config
   setenforce 0

4、配置 hosts 文件

   vim /etc/hosts
   192.168.93.20 node1
   192.168.93.21 node2
   192.168.93.40 node1-vip
   192.168.93.41 node2-vip
   192.168.93.42 scan-ip

5、创建用户和组

   groupadd oinstall dba oper asmdba asmoper asmadmin
   useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper,asmoper,asmadmin oracle
   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle && chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

6、配置内核参数

   vim /etc/sysctl.conf
   fs.file-max = 6815744
   fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

   sysctl -p

二、安装必备软件包

在两台节点上执行以下命令：

yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf gcc gcc-c++ ksh libaio libgcc make sysstat 
                   sysstat-filesystem numad-devel unzip wget which zip bzip2 xz bzip2-devel xz-devel 
                   kernel-headers kernel-devel kernel-doc kernel-tools kernel-tools-libs openssl 
                   openssl-devel tar glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers glibc-static 
                   policycoreutils redhat-lsb redhat-lsb-core redhat-release centos-release 
                   redhat-support-tool openssh openssh-server openssh-clients rsync 
                   nfs-utils nfs4-acl-tools nfs-utils-lib nfsidmap quota psacct resource-agents 
                   smartmontools perl perl-DB_File perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-IO perl-Socket 
                   perl-bignum policycoreutils-python-utils python3 python3-pip python3-setuptools 
                   python3-cryptography python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe 
                   python3-paramiko python3-pyasn1 pyasn1 pyasn1-modules pyasn1-openssl 
                   python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko python3-pyasn1 
                   pyasn1 pyasn1-modules pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml 
                   python3-cffi python3-cryptography python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe 
                   python3-paramiko python3-pyasn1 pyasn1 pyasn1-modules pyasn1-openssl python3-requests 
                   python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography python3-ipaddress 
                   python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko python3-pyasn1 pyasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pythonasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pyasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pyasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pyasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
                   python3-ipaddress python3-jinja2 python3-markupsafe python3-paramiko pyasn1 pyasn1-modules 
                   pyasn1-openssl python3-requests python3-urllib3 python3-yaml python3-cffi python3-cryptography 
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