如何使用Quagga实现Linux动态路由

Quagga简介

Quagga是一个开源的路由软件，它基于Linux内核的eroute库，提供了完整的路由协议支持，如RIP、OSPF、BGP等，Quagga可以用于构建高性能的企业级路由器，也可以用于家庭网络的优化，本文将介绍如何使用Quagga实现Linux动态路由。

安装Quagga

1、更新系统软件包列表：

sudo apt-get update

2、安装Quagga:

sudo apt-get install quagga

3、启动Quagga服务：

sudo systemctl start quagga

4、设置Quagga服务开机自启：

sudo systemctl enable quagga

配置Quagga

1、进入Quagga配置目录：

cd /etc/quagga

2、创建并编辑接口配置文件，

sudo nano eth0.conf

3、在接口配置文件中添加以下内容，配置IP地址和子网掩码：

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 area 0.0.0.0

4、保存并退出编辑器。

启用Quagga进程监控功能

为了方便查看Quagga进程的状态，可以启用进程监控功能，编辑/etc/quagga/daemons文件，添加以下内容：

zebra=yes isisd=no ripd=no bgpd=no ospfd=no isrrd=no lldpd=no tracerouted=no grpcd=no fwdengined=yes ipsecd=no monitord=yes logfile=/var/log/quagga/quagga-daemon.log statedir=/var/run/quagga reassembler=rsh socket=local peer=yes keepalive=120 sync_interval=30 quiet=yes ipc_path=/var/run/quagga/quagga-ipc user=root group=root debug=yes vtysh_command="/usr/bin/vtysh" vtysh_args="-f /etc/vtysh.conf" pidfile=/var/run/quagga/quagga-pid filelog=yes loglevel info authkey none persist=yes sync_events=kernel reassemble_events=kernel send_community=kernel sethostname_events=kernel set_router_id_events=kernel register_events=kernel unregister_events=kernel event_handler_prefix=quagga prefix_length=32 notify_events=kernel notify_userspace_events=kernel arpwatch_events=kernel arpwatch_limit=1000 arpwatch_interval=30 arpwatch_timeout=15 arpwatch_suppression_time=3 arpwatch_suppression_countdown=1 arpwatch_suppression_cycles=3 arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles=5 arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_warninginterval=30 arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_warningcountdown=10 arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_lastwarningtimestamp=0 arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_lastwarningmessage="" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_lasterrortimestamp="0" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_lasterrormessage="" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_lasterrorcounter="0" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nextwarningtimestamp="0" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nextwarningcountdown="0" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nextwarningmessage="" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nexterrortimestamp="0" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nexterrormessage="" arpwatch_suppression_maxcycles_nexterrorcounter="0" neighborchangeevents=kernel neighborchangelistsize=1 neighborchangelistexpiretime=60 neighborchangelistpurgetime=60 neighborchangelistnotifytime=60 neighborchangelistretrytime=60 neighborchangelistretransmittime=60 neighborchangelistretriesbeforenotifying="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurging="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforeexpiring="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforeremoving="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingexpired="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingremoved="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforeexpiringunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforeremovingunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingexpiredunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingremovedunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingunknownexpired="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingremovedunknownexpired="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingunknownremoved="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingexpiredunknownremoved="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingremovedunknownexpiredunknown="3" neighborchangelistretriesbeforepurgingunknownexpiredremovedunknown="3" interfacelinkevents=kernel interfacelinkfailureevents=kernel interfacelinkupevents=kernel interfacelinkdownevents=kernel interfacelinkunnumberedevents=kernel interfacelinkupdownevents=kernel interfacelinkupdateevents=kernel interfacelinkpreferredlifetimeevents=kernel interfacelinkhellointervalevents=kernel interfacelinkhellomultiplierevents:5 intfcnameevents:5 linkfailureevents:5 linkupevents:5 linkdownevents:5 unnumberedinterfacesevents:5 updowninterfacesevents:5 preferredlifetimeevents:5 hellointervalevents:5 hellomultiplierevents:5 intfcnameevents:5 linkfailureevents:5 linkupevents:5 linkdownevents:5 unnumberedinterfacesevents:5 updowninterfacesevents:5 preferredlifetimeevents:5 hellointervalevents:5 hellomultiplierevents:5 intfcnameevents:5 linkfailureevents:5 linkupevents:5 linkdownevents:5 unnumberedinterfacesevents:5 updowninterfacesevents:5 preferredlifetimeevents:5 hellointervalevents:5 hellomultiplierevents:5 intfcnameevents:5 linkfailureevents:5 linkupevents:5 linkdownevents:5 unnumberedinterfacesevents:5 updowninterfacesevents:5 preferredlifetimeevents:5 hellointervalevents:5 hellomultiplierevents:5 intfcnameevents:5 linkfailureevents:5 linkupevents:5 linkdownevents:5 unnumberedinterfacesevents:5 updowninterfacesevents:5 preferredlifetimeevents:5 hellointervalevents:5 hellomultiplierevents:7 routeridletimerresetdelayseconds="60" routeridletimerresetperiodseconds="60" routeridletimerresetmaxfailures="60" routeridletimerresetignoreoldconfig="false" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="none" timersstatisticslevel="none" timerstracelevel="none" timerswarnlevel="none" timersinfolevel="none" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="none" timersstatisticslevel="none" timerstracelevel="none" timerswarnlevel="none" timersinfolevel="none" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="none" timersstatisticslevel="none" timerstracelevel="none" timerswarnlevel="none" timersinfolevel="none" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="none" timersstatisticslevel="none" timerstracelevel="none" timerswarnlevel="none" timersinfolevel="none" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="none" timersstatisticslevel="none" timerstracelevel="none" timerswarnlevel="none" timersinfolevel="none" timersdebuglevel="none" timerseventnotificationlevel="none" timerssynclevel="None statistics level none trace level none warn level none info level none debug level none event notification level none sync level none timer reset delay seconds "60 timer reset period seconds "60 timer reset max failures "60 timer reset ignore old config false router idle timer reset delay seconds "60 router idle timer reset period seconds "60 router idle timer reset max failures "60 router idle timer reset ignore old config false route refresh delay seconds "1 route refresh period seconds "1 route refresh max failures "1 route refresh ignore old config false route refresh interval seconds "3 route refresh interval seconds "3 route refresh max failures "3 route refresh ignore old config false route