centos7搭建web服务器

简介

Web服务器是一种用于提供网页服务的软件，它可以将网页文件(如HTML、CSS、JavaScript等)传输到客户端设备(如PC、手机等),并在浏览器中显示出来，本文将介绍如何在CentOS 6.2下搭建Web服务器，包括安装Apache Web服务器、配置虚拟主机和防火墙等相关操作。

安装Apache Web服务器

1、更新系统软件包

在开始安装Apache之前，需要先更新系统中的软件包，以确保安装过程中不会出现依赖问题，执行以下命令：

sudo yum update

2、安装Apache

执行以下命令以安装Apache:

sudo yum install httpd

3、启动Apache服务

安装完成后，启动Apache服务并设置开机自启：

sudo service httpd start

sudo chkconfig httpd on

4、验证Apache安装成功

执行以下命令查看Apache的版本信息，如果显示出版本号，则说明安装成功：

httpd -v

配置虚拟主机

1、创建虚拟主机目录

在/etc/httpd/conf.d/目录下创建一个新的虚拟主机配置文件，例如example.com.conf:

sudo mkdir -p /etc/httpd/conf.d/example.com.conf

sudo touch /etc/httpd/conf.d/example.com.conf/virtualhost.conf

2、编辑虚拟主机配置文件

使用文本编辑器打开刚刚创建的虚拟主机配置文件，例如使用vi编辑器：

sudo vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/example.com.conf/virtualhost.conf

在文件中添加以下内容，用于配置虚拟主机：

ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/example.com/public_html

ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

这里我们配置了一个监听80端口的虚拟主机，将网站根目录设置为/var/www/html/example.com/public_html,并指定了错误日志和访问日志的存放路径，请根据实际情况修改这些配置。

3、重启Apache服务以应用配置更改：

sudo service httpd restart

配置防火墙(可选)

CentOS 6.2默认已经启用了IPTables防火墙，我们可以通过以下命令开放80端口：

sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-service=http –permanent –zone=public_interfaces –add-port=80/tcp –permanent; sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –change-interface=eth0 –change-port=80/tcp –permanent; sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service; sudo firewall-cmd –list-all | grep "80" | grep "ACCEPT" | sudo firewall-cmd –reload; sudo systemctl restart firewalld.service;sudo systemctl enable httpd && systemctl start httpd && netstat -tulpen|grep :80|grep ESTABLISHED表示apache已经启动成功，如果没有输出任何东西，说明apache启动失败，如果有输出，说明apache启动成功，如果没有输出或者输出不是ESTABLISHED,那么可能是由于网络连接问题或者防火墙设置问题导致的，可以尝试检查网络连接和防火墙设置是否正确。